英语语素 EnglishMorpheme

常用的英语语素

常用词根

• ag, act = to do or drive 做; 驱使
• am(at) = to love 爱
• anim = life 生命
• ann, enn = year 年
• anthrop(o) = man 人类
• arch = rule 统治
• aud(it) = to hear 听
• aug, auct, auth = to increase 增加
• bi(o) = life 生命, 生物
• cad, cas, cid = to fall or befall 降; 降临
• cap, capt, cept, ceive = to take 取
• ced, ceed, cess = to go 走
• centr = the middle point 中心
• cern, cret = to separate 分离
• cid, cis = to cut 切
• claim, clam(at) = to call out 喊
• clin, clim = to lean or slope 倾斜
• clud, clus = to shut or close 关闭
• cord = heart 心
• corp(or) = body 体
• cred(it) = to believe or trust 相信; 信任
• cresc, cret, cre = to grow 生长
• cub, cumb = to lie down 卧
• cult, col = to till 耕作
• cur(r), curs, cours = to run 跑
• cur = care 关心
• cycl = circle 圆环
• dem(o) = the people 人民
• dic, dict(at) = to say 说
• doc, doct = to teach 教
• duc, duct = to lead 引导
• equ = even, equal 相等的
• fac, fact, fect = to do or make 做
• fer = to carry, to bring, to bear 拿; 带; 负
• fid = to trust 信任
• fig(ur), fict = to shape 塑造
• fin = end, limit 末尾
• flu, flux = to flow 流动
• form, form(at) = shape 形状; to form 形成
• fort, forc = strong 强; strength 力量
• frag, fract = to break 破
• fund, found, fus = to melt, to pour 熔化; 浇注
• gen(er) = birth, race 出生; 种类
• ger, gest = to bear or carry 承担; 运送
• gnos, gnit, gniz = to know 知
• grad, gress = to step 迈步; step 步
• gram(m), graph = written character, writing 书写符号; 书写物
• grat, grac = pleasing, thankful 使人高兴的; 感激的
• hab(it), hibit = to hold or have 拥有, 占有
• it = to go 走
• jac, ject = to throw 投掷
• junct, join = to connect 连接
• jur, just = law, right 法律; 公正
• lat = to carry, to bring, to bear 拿; 带; 负
• leg, lig, lect = to gather 收集; to pick 挑选
• leg, legis = law 法律
• loc = place 地方
• log, logue = speech, reason 说话; 推理
• loqu, locut = to speak 讲
• lud, lus = to play or mock 玩; 戏弄
• man(u) = hand 手
• mand, mend = to entrust 委托
• medi = middle 中间
• min = smaller, less 较小; 较少
• mit, miss = to send 发, 送
• mod = measure 度量; manner 方式
• mont, mount = hill 山; to climb 攀登
• mort = death 死
• mov, mot, mob = to move 运动
• nasc, nat = to be born 出生
• not = to get to know 知晓
• nounc, nunci = to tell 讲述
• ord(in) = order 顺序
• par, per = to get ready 准备
• part = part 部分; to part 分开
• pati, pass = to suffer or endure 承受, 忍受; feeling 感受
• patri, patern = father, fatherland 父亲, 祖先; 祖国
• ped, pod = foot 脚, 足
• pel, puls = to drive or push 促使; 推动
• pend, pens = to hang 悬挂; to weigh 称量; to pay 支付
• pet(it) = to seek or strive 寻求; 追求
• ple(t), plen = to fill 装满; full 充满的
• plic, pli, ply = to bend or fold 弯, 折
• polic, polis, polit = city 城市; citizen 市民
• pon, pos(it) = to place, to put 放, 置
• port(at) = to carry 拿, 运
• prehend, prehens, pris = to seize 抓住
• press = to press 压
• prob, prov = to test 试验, 验证
• quer, ques(i)t, quir, quisit = to seek or ask for 寻求; 要求
• reg, rect = to rule 划直线; to guide 引导; to govern 治理
• rog(at) = to ask 询问
• rupt = to break 破
• sci = to know 知, 晓
• scrib, script = to write 写
• sect = to cut 切
• sent, sens = to feel 感觉
• sequ, secut = to follow 跟随
• serv = (to be ) a slave (当)奴仆
• sid, sess = to sit or settle 坐, 停留
• sign = mark 记号; to mark 加记号
• sist = to stand 站立
• solv, solut = to loosen 松开
• spec, spect, spic = to look 看
• spir = to breathe 呼吸
• st(at) = to stand 站立
• string, strict, strain, stress = to draw tight or bind 拉紧; 捆绑
• stru, struct = to pile up or build 堆砌; 建造
• tang, tact = to touch 接触
• ten, tin, tent, tain = to hold 握, 持
• tend, tens, tent = to stretch 伸
• tract = to draw 拉, 抽
• un(i) = one 一
• val(u), vail = to be strong or effective or worth 有力; 有效; 有价值
• ven, vent = to come 来
• vert, vers = to turn 转
• vid, vis = to see 看见
• viv, vit = to live 活; life 生命
• voc, vok = to call 叫喊; voice 声音
• volv, volut = to roll or turn 滚动; 转动

英语语素分为自由语素和黏着语素, 其中自由语素是能够单独存在的语素, 黏着语素则是不能单独存在的语素.

从语义角度上来讲, 还可以分为核心语素与修饰语素, 核心语素表明这个单词的核心概念, 修饰语素对语义以及语法特征进行修饰.
这里的核心语素与修饰语素大体上可以理解为词根词缀, 但是要记得有"组合形式"这种特殊情况.

从语素构成单词的顺序上, 修饰语素还可以分为前缀和后缀.

核心语素的数量远大于修饰语素, 我们这里首先介绍常用的修饰语素, 然后介绍常用的核心语素.